The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on Product Loyalty Focuses on the Beverage Firms: An Ordinary Least Square Approach

Authors

  • Arlyn S Feliciano Department of Management Studies Cavite State University - CCAT Campus, Cavite, Philippines
  • Xavier Lawrence D. Mendoza Department of Management Studies Cavite State University - CCAT Campus, Cavite, Philippines
  • Jerico B. Tadeo Department of Management Studies Cavite State University - CCAT Campus, Cavite, Philippines
  • Marilou A Perez Department of Management Studies Cavite State University - CCAT Campus, Cavite, Philippines
  • Mary Christine P Villalobos Department of Management Studies Cavite State University - CCAT Campus, Cavite, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52218/ijbtob.v3i3.274

Abstract

The influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on consumer behavior makes it a crucial marketing strategy for businesses. The primary intent of this paper was to investigate the impact of corporate social responsibility perceived performance on the product loyalty of customers towards beverage companies. The researchers employed a descriptive-causal design. This study used purposive sampling and selected 500 participants. The researcher-made survey questionnaires were distributed to the participants through an online survey and analyzed through the ordinary least squares regression model. The findings revealed that the CSR initiatives of beverage companies were somehow visible, signifying that beverage enterprises lack communication strategies to inform the public about their CSR efforts.  It was also found that the perceived performance of CSR has a significant effect on the product loyalty of customers. Considerably, product loyalty was significantly related to the perceived performance of CSR. Hence, this study confirmed the stakeholder theory with strong statistical significance. The study recommends that beverage companies should effectively communicate their CSR activities to increase customer awareness, eventually enhancing product loyalty among their customers.

 

Keywords: corporate social responsibility, perceived performance, product loyalty, regression analyses, Philippines

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdelhalim, K. and Amani, G.E. (2019). Can CSR help achieve sustainable development? Applying a new assessment model to CSR cases from Egypt. The International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 39 (9) 773-795. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-06-2019-0120

American Family Life Assurance Company (2019). 2019 AFLAC CSR survey. Retrieved from https://www.aflac.com/docs/about-aflac/csr-survey-assets/2019-aflac-csr-infographic-and-survey.pdf

Ahmad, N., Scholz, M., Ullah, Z., Arshad, M. Z., Sabir, R. I., & Khan, W. A. (2021). The nexus of CSR and co-creation: A roadmap towards consumer loyalty. Sustainability, 13(2), 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020523

Ajina, A. S., Japutra, A., Nguyen, B., Alwi, S. F. S., & Al-Hajla, A. H. (2019). The importance of CSR initiatives in building customer support and loyalty: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31 (3), 691-713. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-11-2017-0284

Ali, W., Danni, Y., Latif, B., Kouser, R., & Baqader, S. (2021). Corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty in food chains—Mediating role of customer satisfaction and corporate reputation. Sustainability, 13(16), 8681. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168681

Brin, P., & Nehme, M. N. (2019). Corporate social responsibility: Analysis of theories and models. EUREKA: Social and Humanities, (5), 22-30. https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2019.001007

Bogan, E., & Dedeoglu, B. B. (2019). The effects of hotel employees’ CSR perceptions on trust in organization: Moderating role of employees’ self-experienced CSR perceptions. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 2(4), 391–408.https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-12-2018-0089

Bogan, E. (2021). A review of prominent theories in perceived CSR-employee outcomes link in hospitality literature. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Tourism, 6(2), 99–105. https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-99

Bediako, B. (2017). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty. A case study of StanBed Tours ky. Vaasan Ammattikorkeakoulu University of Applied Sciences. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.19158.80969

Connelly, B. L., Certo, S. T., Ireland, R. D., & Reutzel, C. R. (2011). Signaling theory: A review and assessment. Journal of Management, 37(1), 39-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310388419.

Dagpin, J. C., Escaño, A. R., Mendoza, X. L. D., & Vertuso, J. C. (2022). Microenterprises Shutdown Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: A Focus on Determinants and Exit Strategies. Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Business Administration, 8(1), 22-28.

Emmanuel, B., & Priscilla, O. A. (2022). A review of corporate social responsibility and its relationship with customer satisfaction and corporate image. Open Journal of Business and Management, 10(2), 715-728. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2022.102040

Fetahu, A. (2020). CSR and customer loyalty: How does corporate social responsibility impact on customer loyalty? Metropolia University of Applied Sciences. Retrieved from https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2020052212924

Freeman, R. E. (2010). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge university press.

Guerra-Tamez, C. R., & Franco-García, M. L. (2022). Influence of flow experience, perceived value and CSR in Craft Beer consumer loyalty: A comparison between Mexico and the Netherlands. Sustainability, 14(13), 8202. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14138202

Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., Ray, S., ... & Ray, S. (2021). Evaluation of reflective measurement models. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook, 75-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7_4

Haski-Leventhal D. (2018). Strategic corporate social responsibility: Tools & Theories for responsible management. Retrieved from https://Study-sagepub.com/businessandmanagement

Huo, C., Hameed, J., Zhang, M., Bin Mohd Ali, A. F., & Amri Nik Hashim, N. A. (2022). Modeling the impact of corporate social responsibility on sustainable purchase intentions: insights into brand trust and brand loyalty. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 4710-4739. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2021.2016465

Islam, T., Islam, R., Pitafi, A. H., Xiaobei, L., Rehmani, M., Irfan, M., & Mubarak, M. S. (2021). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty: The mediating role of corporate reputation, customer satisfaction, and trust. Sustainable Production and Consumption, pp. 25, 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.07.019

Jalagat Jr, R., Dalluay, V., & Aquino Jr, P. (2018). Assessing the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate reputation, and customer loyalty: The case of Pepsi-Cola Philippines, Inc. IJAMEE. Retrieved from http://ijamee.info/index.php/IJAMEE/article/view/46

Khan, I., & Fatma, M. (2019). Connecting the dots between CSR and brand loyalty: the mediating role of brand experience and brand trust. International Journal of Business Excellence, 17(4), 439-455. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBEX.2019.10020542

Lacap, J. P. G., Cham, T. H., & Lim, X. J. (2021). The influence of corporate social responsibility on brand loyalty and the mediating effects of brand satisfaction and perceived quality. International Journal of Economics & Management, 15(1), 69-87. Retrieved from http://www.ijem.upm.edu.my/vol15no1/5.%20The%20Influence%20of%20Corporate.pdf

Latapí Agudelo, M. A., Jóhannsdóttir, L., & Davídsdóttir, B. (2019). A literature review of the history and evolution of corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-018-0039-y

Leclercq-Machado, L., Alvarez-Risco, A., Esquerre-Botton, S., Almanza-Cruz, C., de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario, M., Del-Aguila-Arcentales, S., & Yáñez, J. A. (2022). Effect of corporate social responsibility on consumer satisfaction and consumer loyalty of private banking companies in Peru. Sustainability, 14(15), 9078. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159078

Lee, S. S., Kim, Y., & Roh, T. (2019). Modified pyramid of CSR for corporate image and customer loyalty: Focusing on the moderating role of the CSR experience. Sustainability, 11(17), 4745. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174745

Li, Y., Liu, B., & Huan, T. C. T. (2019). Renewal or not? Consumer response to a renewed corporate social responsibility strategy: Evidence from the coffee shop industry. Tourism Management, 72, 170-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.10.031

Lu, J., Ren, L., Qiao, J., Lin, W., & He, Y. (2019). Female executives and corporate social responsibility performance: A dual perspective of differences in institutional environment and heterogeneity of foreign experience. Transformations in Business & Economics, 18(2). Retrieved from http://www.transformations.knf.vu.lt/47/article/fema

Lu, J., Ren, L., Zhang, C., Wang, C., Shahid, Z., & Streimikis, J. (2020). The influence of a firm’s CSR initiatives on brand loyalty and brand image. Journal of Competitiveness, 12(2), 106. https://doi. org/10.7441/joc.2020.02.07

Mai, T. C. T., Nguyen, H. S., Phan, N. N. D., Le, M. H., Luu, P. K., Nguyen, T. T. T., & Nguyen, T. T. T. (2022). Impacts of corporate social responsibility and authenticity on brand loyalty: evidence from the chain coffee shop industry in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 9(6), 159-173. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2022.vol9.no6.0159.

Mendoza, X. L., Bruno, L. Y., Maglaque, B. S., & Solis, J. N. (2023). Influence of the factors of business opportunities among micro and small enterprises in selected areas of Cavite. Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science, 3(01), 136-155.

Mendoza, X. L. D., & Tadeo, J. B. (2023). Analysis of micro, small, medium enterprises: The cases of Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. Journal of Management, Economics, and Industrial Organization, 7(1), 1-15.

Mendoza, X. L. D., Tadeo, J. B., Dacanay, J. M., Marla, A. N., & Vergara, C. A. B. (2023). Enterprise management strategies in agricultural fairtrade products. Journal of Enterprise and Development (JED), 5(2), 172-187.

McNamara, T. K., Carapinha, R., Pitt‐Catsouphes, M., Valcour, M., & Lobel, S. (2017). Corporate social responsibility and employee outcomes: The role of country context. Business Ethics: A European Review, 26(4), 413–427. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12163

Mohammed, A., & Al-Swidi, A. (2019). The influence of CSR on perceived value, social media, and loyalty in the hotel industry. Spanish Journal of Marketing-ESIC. 23 (3), 373–396. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-06-2019-0029

Mohammed, S. (2020). Components, theories and the business case for corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Business and Management Review, 8(2), 37–65. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijbmr.vol8.no2.p37-65.2020

Mubiana, M. (2019). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty (Doctoral dissertation, Cavendish University). Retrieved from http://192.168.1.248:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/36

Olateju, D. J., Olateju, O. A., Adeoye, S. V., & Ilyas, I. S. (2021). A critical review of the application of the legitimacy theory to corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research, 9(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0349.0903001

Padhiyar, S., & Bhathawala, P. H. (2018). A study on CSR activities in selected companies of Gujarat. Retrieved from https://www.gtu.ac.in/uploads/A%20study%20on%20CSR%20activities%20in%20selected%20companies%20of%20Gujarat_417873.pdf

Philippine Business for Social Progress Annual Report (2019) Building relevance, delivering value, Philippine Business for Social Progress. Retrieved from https://www.pbsp.org.ph/web/wpcontent/uploads/2020/03/PBSP-2019-AR.pdf

Ramesh, K., Saha, R., Goswami, S., & Dahiya, R. (2019). Consumer's response to CSR activities: Mediating role of brand image and brand attitude. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(2), 377–387. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1689

Raza, A., Rather, R. A., Iqbal, M. K., & Bhutta, U. S. (2020). An assessment of corporate social responsibility on customer company identification and loyalty in banking industry: A PLS-SEM analysis. Management Research Review, 43(11), 1337-1370. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-08-2019-0341

Rynes, S. L., Bretz Jr, R. D., & Gerhart, B. (1991). The importance of recruitment in job choice: A different way of looking. Personnel psychology, 44(3), 487-521. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1991.tb02402.x.

Solis, G. G., & Tadeo, J. B. (2022). An Analysis of the Philippine Aggregate Demand, Money Supply and Interest Rate: A Monetarist Perspective in Economic-Pandemic Scenario. Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Business Administration, 8(1), 29-37.

Shah, M. U., & Jan, M. F. (2021). Connecting corporate social responsibility (CSR) to customer loyalty: A mediation analysis in hoteling industry of Pakistan. SAGE Open, 11(4), 21582440211067233. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211067233

Spence, M. (2002). Signaling in retrospect and the informational structure of markets. American economic review, 92(3), 434–459. https://doi.org/10.1257/00028280260136200

Stiglitz, J. E. (2000). The contributions of the economics of information to twentieth century economics. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(4). https://doi.org/10.1162/003355300555015

Su, W., Peng, M. W., Tan, W., & Cheung, Y. L. (2016). The signaling effect of corporate social responsibility in emerging economies. Journal of Business Ethics, 134(3), 479-491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2404-4.

Tadeo, J. B., & Muralla, D. S. (2022). Opportunities and Challenges of Selected One Town One Product Enter-prises in Selected Towns of Cavite Amidst Pandemic. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 3(11), 2255-2265.

Thanh, T., Huan, N. & Hong, T. (2021). Effects of corporate social responsibility on SMEs’ performance in emerging market. Cogent Business & Management (2021), 8: 1878978. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1878978

Tran, N. T. (2022). Impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty: Evidence from the Vietnamese jewelry industry. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2025675. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2025675

What is CSR? (2022). United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Retrieved from https://www.unido.org/our-focus/advancing-economic-competitiveness/competitive-trade-capacities-and-corporate-responsibility/corporate-social-responsibility-market-integration/what-csr

Zhang, N. (2022). How does CSR of food company affect customer loyalty in the context of COVID-19: a moderated mediation model. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-021-00068-4

Zhang, Q., Cao, M., Zhang, F., Liu, J., & Li, X. (2020). Effects of corporate social responsibility on customer satisfaction and organizational attractiveness: A signaling perspective. Business ethics: A European Review, 29(1), 20–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12243

Downloads

Published

29-06-2023

How to Cite

Feliciano, A. S., Mendoza, X. L. D., Tadeo, J. B., Perez, M. A., & Villalobos, M. C. P. (2023). The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on Product Loyalty Focuses on the Beverage Firms: An Ordinary Least Square Approach. International Journal of Business, Technology and Organizational Behavior (IJBTOB), 3(3), 178–196. https://doi.org/10.52218/ijbtob.v3i3.274